In Re Section 6a Of The Citizenship Act 1955 vs. Union Of India Ministry Of Home Affairs Secretary
AI Summary
In a crucial interim order, the Supreme Court of India continued its active supervision over the highly sensitive National Register of Citizens (NRC) updation process in Assam. The Court issued specific directives to the Union of India regarding the appointment of a nodal officer and release of funds, while addressing objections raised by various stakeholders concerning the revised NRC modalities, including the handling of 'D-list' voters, highlighting the complexities of citizenship verification in the state.
Case Identifiers
Petitioner's Counsel
Respondent's Counsel
Advocates on Record
eCourtsIndia AITM
Brief Facts Summary
The Supreme Court heard a Public Interest Litigation concerning the updation of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam. The Union of India had presented revised modalities for this process. During the hearing, Mr. Shambhu Singh, Joint Secretary (North-East), Ministry of Home, provided an affidavit and made statements regarding the nomination of a nodal officer and the release of funds for the NRC project. Objections were raised by Mr. Fakhruddin, Sr. Counsel for the All Assam Minority Students Union, against various aspects of the revised modalities, including changes in form distribution, the appeal mechanism, the requirement for all genuine citizens to apply, and the status of D-list voters. The State of Assam and the Union of India responded to these objections. A connected petition challenging Section 6A of the Citizenship Act, 1955, was also noted for future hearing.
Timeline of Events
Writ Petition (Civil) No. 274 of 2009 filed (case filing year).
Previous order passed by the Supreme Court (referenced in the current order).
Current order passed by the Supreme Court, with Mr. Shambhu Singh present and filing an affidavit.
Deadline for nomination of Mr. Prateek Hazela, IAS, as nodal officer and release of Rs. 25 crores for NRC Office.
Deadline for tentatively arriving at the entire project cost and issuing a gazette notification to initiate NRC updation in Assam.
Next hearing date for the petitions.
Key Factual Findings
Joint Secretary (North-East), Ministry of Home, Mr. Shambhu Singh, is present and has filed an affidavit in compliance with the previous order dated October 18, 2013.
Source: Current Court Finding
Mr. Prateek Hazela, IAS, Commissioner and Secretary (NRC), will be nominated as the nodal officer by the Registrar General of India, and an order to that effect will be issued by October 31, 2013.
Source: Recited from Union of India Statement
An amount of Rs. 25 crores, as stated in paragraph 9 of the affidavit, will be released in favour of the NRC Office by October 31, 2013.
Source: Recited from Union of India Affidavit/Statement
The modification in modalities, where forms will be submitted to heads of families but returning them to concerned offices is up to the head of the family and family members, does not contain any illegality or irregularity.
Source: Current Court Finding
The appeal process for NRC updation, allowing an appeal before the Local Registrar and thereafter to the Foreigners' Tribunal, is in accordance with Clause 6 & 8 of the Schedule to the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003.
Source: Current Court Finding/Recited from State of Assam Pleading
For persons whose names figure in the Electoral Rolls as on March 24, 1971, the NRC updation process will be simpler, and facilitators will be available to assist all concerned persons in filling up forms.
Source: Recited from State of Assam Pleading
Voters in the 'D List' are doubtful voters, and their names cannot be included in the NRC unless the Foreigners' Tribunal declares them to be Indian citizens.
Source: Current Court Finding
Primary Legal Issues
Secondary Legal Issues
Questions of Law
Statutes Applied
Petitioner's Arguments
The All Assam Minority Students Union, appearing through Senior Advocate Mr. Fakhruddin, raised several objections to the revised NRC modalities: firstly, that forms were now to be returned by heads of families to offices, rather than being collected from households as initially represented; secondly, that the appeal process had changed to include an appeal to the Foreigners' Tribunal after the Local Registrar; thirdly, that even genuine Indian citizens in Assam would be required to apply for NRC updation; and lastly, concerning the treatment of 'D List' voters.
Respondent's Arguments
The Union of India, represented by Mr. Rakesh Khanna, ASG, assured the Court that a nodal officer (Mr. Shambhu Singh, Joint Secretary North-East, Ministry of Home, and Mr. Prateek Hazela, IAS, Commissioner and Secretary (NRC)) would be nominated and Rs. 25 crores would be released by October 31, 2013, with a gazette notification for NRC updation to follow within six weeks. The State of Assam, through Mr. Jaideep Gupta, Sr. Adv., argued that the modified form collection process was not illegal, as it was up to individuals to submit forms; that the appeal process was compliant with the Citizenship Rules, 2003; that facilitators would aid genuine citizens in filling forms; and that D-list voters, being doubtful, could not be included without a declaration from the Foreigners' Tribunal.
Court's Reasoning
The Court accepted the Union of India's commitment regarding the nomination of the nodal officer and the release of funds, setting deadlines for these actions. Regarding the objections to NRC modalities, the Court found no 'illegality or irregularity' in the modification allowing individuals to return forms, emphasizing individual responsibility. The Court also affirmed that the revised appeal process aligns with Clauses 6 & 8 of the Schedule to the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003, thus dismissing this objection. The grievance regarding genuine citizens having to apply was addressed by the assurance of facilitators. Finally, the Court reiterated that 'D List' voters are 'doubtful voters' and cannot be included in the NRC without being declared Indian citizens by a Foreigners' Tribunal.
- Active Judicial Supervision
- Strict Adherence to Procedure
Specific Directions
- 1.Mr. Prateek Hazela, IAS, Commissioner and Secretary (NRC) will be nominated as the nodal officer by the Registrar General of India by 31st October, 2013.
- 2.An amount of Rs.25 crores will be released in favour of the NRC Office by 31st October, 2013.
- 3.The amount required for the entire NRC project will be tentatively arrived at and a gazette notification will be issued initiating the process of updating the National Register of Citizens for Assam within the next six weeks.
Precedential Assessment
Binding (Procedural)
This is a procedural order from the Supreme Court, setting specific directions and timelines for the NRC updation process. As such, it is binding on the parties involved (Union of India, State of Assam, and relevant authorities) for the specified procedural aspects and the interpretation of the Citizenship Rules, 2003, as applied to the objections raised. It does not lay down a broad legal principle on the merits of citizenship law, but guides the administrative process.
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Order Issued After Hearing
Purpose:
Case Registered
Listed On:
3 Jul 2009
Original Order Copy
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Order Text
\200< ITEM NO.301 COURT NO.11 SECTION PIL (Part-heard) S U P R E M E C O U R T O F I N D I A RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 274 OF 2009 ASSAM PUBLIC WORKS Petitioner(s) VERSUS UNION OF INDIA & ORS. Respondent(s) (With appln(s) for directions, intervention and office report) WITH W.P(C) NO. 562 of 2012 (With application for stay and office report) Date:25/10/2013 These Petitions were called on for hearing today. CORAM : HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE H.L. GOKHALE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE RANJAN GOGOI For Petitioner(s) Mr. Arvind Kumar Sharma,Adv. (in WP 274/09) Mr. Harvinder Singh Besoya,Adv. (in WP 562/12) Mr. Manish Goswami,Adv. For M/S. Map & Co.,Advs. For Respondent(s) Mr. Jaideep Gupta,Sr.Adv. For R-2 Ms. Krishna Sarma,Adv. Mr. Avijit Roy,Adv. Mr. Navnit Kumar,Adv. For M/S. Corporate Law Group,Advs. For Union of India Mr. Rakesh Khanna,ASG (in WP(C) 274/09) Mr. Jitendra Mohapatra,Adv. Mr. S. Nand Kumar,Adv. Mr. Shiv Mangal Sharma,Adv. Mr. Shreekant N. Terdal,Adv. For ECI Ms. Meenakshi Arora,Sr.Adv. Mr. Mohit D. Ram,Adv. Mr. Vasav Anantharaman,Adv. I.A. No.6 in Mr. Fakhruddin,Sr.Adv. WP(C) 274/09 & Mr. Gulfeshan Javed,Adv. I.A. No.5 in Mr. Abdul Qadir,Adv. WP(C) 562/12 Mr. Raj Kishore Choudhary,Adv. Mr. Mustafa Khaddam Hussain,Adv. Mr. Azizur Rahman,Adv. Mr. Fuzail Ahmad Ayyubi,Adv. In WP(C) 274/09 Mr. Syed Ali Ahmad,Adv. Mr. Syed Tanweer Ahmad,Adv. Mr. S.S. Bandyopadhyay,Adv. Mr. Pravin Kumar,Adv. Mr. Mohd. Shah Nawaz Hasan,Adv. Mr. Mohan Pandey,Adv. For R-6 in Mr. Prateek Jalan,Adv.
WP(C) 274/09 | Ms. Malvika Trivedi,Adv.<br>Mr. Anurag Misra,Adv.<br>Mr. T. Mahipal,Adv. |
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State of Orissa<br>(in WP(C) 274/09) | Mr. Shibashish Misra,Adv.<br>Mr. Sovinay Dash,Adv. |
In I.A. No.5 in<br>WP(C) 274/09 | Mr. Syed Mehdi Imam,Adv.<br>Mr. Mohd. Parvez Dabas,Adv.<br>Mr. Milan Laskar,Adv. |
Mr. Shakeer Ahmed Syed,Adv.<br>Mr. Arna Das,Adv.<br>Mr. M.U. Mahmud,Adv. |
Mr. Somran Sharma,Adv.
UPON hearing counsel the Court made the following O R D E R
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Apropos to the order we passed on 18th October, 2013, the Joint Secretary (North-East), Ministry of Home Mr. Shambhu Singh is present in Court and he has also filed an affidavit on behalf of the Union of India in compliance of that order. Over and above this affidavit and apart from the statement made therein, he states that Mr. Prateek Hazela, IAS, Commissioner and Secretary (NRC) will be nominated as the nodal officer by the Registrar General of India and that order will be issued by 31st October, 2013. He further states that an amount of Rs.25 crores as stated in paragraph 9 of his affidavit, will be released in favour of that Office by 31st October, 2013.
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Mr. Rakesh Khanna, learned Additional Solicitor General states on instructions of Mr. Shambhu Singh that in the next six weeks, the amount required for this entire project will be tentatively arrived at and a gazette notification will be issued initiating the process of updating the National Register of Citizens for Assam.
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Mr. Fakhrudding, leaned senior counsel appearing for the All Assam Minority Students Union has raised certain objections concerning the changes, which according to him have come up in the revised modalities submitted by the Union of India. The first objection herein is that the initial representation was that necessary forms will be distributed and collected from various households. As against that now it is provided that although the forms will be submitted to all the heads of the families, returning of the forms to the concerned offices is up to the Head of the family and the family members. Mr. Jaideep Gupta, learned senior counsel appearing for the State of Assam points out that ultimately all the persons concerned will be informed that this is the form to be filled up and it is up to the persons concerned, in their own interest, to fill up the same and submit to the office concerned. We do not find any illegality or irregularity with the modification.
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The second submission is that now under the modalities, after some decision is taken by the Registering Officer, an appeal will be available before the Local Registrar and thereafter an appeal will lie to the Foreigners' Tribunal. Mr. Jaideep Gupta points out that this is as per the provision contained in clause 6 & 8 of the Schedule to the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003. That being so, we cannot accept this objection as well.
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The third grievance is that the genuine Indian citizens in the State of Assam will also have to apply for the updation of NRC. With respect to this objection Mr. Gupta points out that for the persons whose names figure in the Electoral Rolls as on 24th March, 1971, this process will be simpler and in any case, all those who are concerned will have to fill up the forms and for this facilitators will also be available to the persons concerned. That takes care of the grievance of Mr. Fakhruddin.
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The last grievance of Mr. Fakhruddin is with respect to the voters in D List. As far as these persons are concerned, undoubtedly they are doubtful voters, and therefore their names cannot be included unless the NRC is updated and unless the Foreigners' Tribunal declares them to be the Indian citizens.
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Since the Central Government requires six weeks time to issue necessary Gazette Notification, the matter be notified on 9th December, 2013 at 2.00 p.m.
W.P.(C) No. 562/2012:
Heard Mr. Manish Goswami in support of this petition and Mr. Khanna, learned Additional Solicitor General appearing for the Union of India and Mr. Jaideep Gupta, learned senior counsel for the State of Assam. This petition seeks the determination of the issue of foreign nationals on the basis of National Register of Citizens of 1951 and not on the basis of the Electoral Roll of 1971. It also seeks to challenge the vires of Section 6A of the Citizenship Act, 1955. This writ petition will be heard along with Writ Petition (Civil) No.274/2009.
(A.S. BISHT) (SNEH LATA SHARMA) COURT MASTER COURT MASTER