eCourtsIndia

Lakshmi Traders vs. The Joint Collector

Final Order
Court:Punjab & Haryana, Special (High Court)
Judge:Hon'ble R.Subhash Reddy
Case Status:Unknown Status
Order Date:3 Dec 2012
CNR:HBHC010188462012

AI Summary

A licensed rice trader's lorry carrying 170 quintals of raw rice was seized by civil supplies authorities on suspicion it was meant for the Public Distribution System. The High Court of Hyderabad found the seizure illegal and arbitrary, ordering immediate release of the goods and quashing all proceedings against the trader, establishing important protections for licensed commodity dealers.

Ratio Decidendi:
Seizure of goods by administrative authorities on mere suspicion, without concrete evidence of violation of statutory provisions, is illegal and arbitrary. When technical analysis contradicts the basis of seizure and establishes that no violation has occurred, proceedings under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 cannot be initiated, and the seized goods must be released immediately. Administrative authorities cannot rely on assumptions based on physical characteristics (such as smell and grain size) to justify seizure when proper documentation and valid licenses are in place.
Obiter Dicta:
The court emphasized that proceedings under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 can be initiated only in the event of violation of any of the provisions of the Control Orders. The mere suspicion or assumption, without substantive evidence of violation, is insufficient to justify seizure or initiate statutory proceedings against licensed traders.

Case Identifiers

Primary Case No:36588/2012
Case Type:Writ Petition (Civil)
Case Sub-Type:WP Civil Supplies and Essential Commodities - Seizure of Goods
Secondary Case Numbers:206300365882012, HBHC010188462012, 196330/2012
Order Date:2012-12-03
Filing Year:2012
Court:High Court of Hyderabad (Telangana)
Bench:Single Bench
Judges:Hon'ble R. Subhash Reddy

Petitioner's Counsel

V. Sudhakar Reddy
Advocate - Appeared

Respondent's Counsel

Government Pleader for Civil Supplies
Government Pleader - Appeared
Assistant Government Pleader for Civil Supplies
Assistant Government Pleader - Appeared

eCourtsIndia AITM

Brief Facts Summary

Lakshmi Traders, a licensed food grain dealer under the Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Commodities Dealers (Licensing, Storage and Regulation) Order, 2008, was engaged in the business of purchasing paddy from agriculturists, milling it, and selling the resultant rice in accordance with the Andhra Pradesh Rice Procurement (Levy) Order, 1984. On November 5, 2012, the petitioner was transporting 170 quintals of raw rice (340 bags of 50 kgs each) in lorry bearing registration number AP09 V 6971, covered by Way Bill No. K6275367. The Civil Supplies Deputy Tahsildar, Mangalagiri, Guntur District, seized the lorry and rice on suspicion that the rice was meant for the Public Distribution System rather than being raw rice as permitted for transport. The seizure was based on the panchanama officer's observations regarding the smell of the rice and the size of the grain. Samples were sent for technical analysis to the Andhra Pradesh State Civil Supplies Corporation Limited, Guntur. The District Manager submitted an analysis report dated November 16, 2012, confirming that the seized rice stock belongs to Grade-A variety and is not meant for the Public Distribution System. Despite this report, the respondents initiated proceedings under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955, and issued notice under Section 6-B. The petitioner filed a Writ Petition seeking mandamus to declare the seizure illegal and to direct release of the lorry and rice.

Timeline of Events

2012-11-05

Lakshmi Traders transports 170 quintals of raw rice in lorry AP09 V 6971 with Way Bill No. K6275367

2012-11-05

Civil Supplies Deputy Tahsildar seizes the lorry and rice on suspicion that rice is meant for Public Distribution System

2012-11-05

Panchanama is prepared noting observations about smell and grain size of rice

2012-11-05 to 2012-11-16

Samples of seized rice are sent for technical analysis to Andhra Pradesh State Civil Supplies Corporation Limited, Guntur

2012-11-16

District Manager submits analysis report (Letter No. 3(5)/2012/Seized stocks) confirming rice is Grade-A variety and not meant for Public Distribution System

2012-11-16 onwards

Respondents initiate proceedings under Section 6-A of Essential Commodities Act, 1955 based on recommendations

2012-11-16 onwards

Notice is issued under Section 6-B of Essential Commodities Act, 1955

2012-11-26

Lakshmi Traders files Writ Petition No. 36588 of 2012 in High Court seeking mandamus

2012-11-27

First hearing of Writ Petition; matter adjourned to enable Government Pleader to obtain instructions

2012-11-30

Government Pleader obtains written instructions in E.C. Act Case No. 529/2012-S7

2012-12-03

Final hearing; High Court allows Writ Petition, declares seizure illegal, quashes Section 6-A proceedings, and directs immediate release of lorry and rice

Key Factual Findings

The petitioner is a licensed holder under the Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Commodities Dealers (Licensing, Storage and Regulation) Order, 2008

Source: Recited from Petitioner Pleading

The petitioner was conducting business in accordance with the Andhra Pradesh Rice Procurement (Levy) Order, 1984

Source: Recited from Petitioner Pleading

The lorry was covered by valid Way Bill No. K6275367

Source: Recited from Petitioner Pleading and Panchanama

The seizure was based on assumption regarding smell of rice and size of grain

Source: Current Court Finding from Panchanama

The panchanama itself acknowledged that the stock was being transported under valid Way Bill and the petitioner was a trader holding valid license

Source: Current Court Finding from Panchanama

The District Manager's analysis report dated November 16, 2012, confirmed that the seized rice stock belongs to Grade-A variety

Source: Recited from Respondent Pleading

The seized rice is not meant for Public Distribution System

Source: Recited from Respondent Pleading (District Manager's Report)

There is no basis for seizure at all given the technical analysis report

Source: Current Court Finding

There is no basis for initiating proceedings under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955

Source: Current Court Finding

Primary Legal Issues

1.Whether the seizure of lorry and raw rice by Civil Supplies Deputy Tahsildar was legal and justified
2.Whether there was sufficient basis for initiating proceedings under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955
3.Whether the seizure was arbitrary and violated principles of natural justice and administrative law
4.Whether a licensed trader transporting raw rice with valid Way Bill can be seized on mere suspicion

Secondary Legal Issues

1.Validity of Way Bill No. K6275367 as authorization for transport of raw rice
2.Scope of authority of Civil Supplies Deputy Tahsildar to seize goods
3.Evidentiary value of panchanama findings based on smell and grain size
4.Applicability of Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Commodities Dealers (Licensing, Storage and Regulation) Order, 2008
5.Applicability of Andhra Pradesh Rice Procurement (Levy) Order, 1984

Questions of Law

Can goods be seized on suspicion without concrete evidence of violation?
Is seizure justified when technical analysis contradicts the basis of seizure?
Can proceedings under Section 6-A of Essential Commodities Act be initiated without evidence of violation of Control Orders?
What is the standard of proof required for seizure of goods by administrative authorities?

Statutes Applied

Essential Commodities Act
Section 6-A
Court held that proceedings under Section 6-A can only be initiated in event of violation of provisions of Control Orders. Since seized stock was found to be Grade-A rice not meant for Public Distribution System, there was no basis for initiating Section 6-A proceedings.
Essential Commodities Act
Section 6-B
Notice was issued under Section 6-B, but court found it was premature and without basis given the technical analysis report confirming the rice was not meant for Public Distribution System.

Petitioner's Arguments

Petitioner argued that: (1) The petitioner is a licensed trader holding valid license under Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Commodities Dealers Order, 2008; (2) The petitioner was transporting raw rice as permitted under Andhra Pradesh Rice Procurement (Levy) Order, 1984; (3) The lorry was covered by valid Way Bill No. K6275367; (4) The seizure was based on mere suspicion without any factual basis; (5) The allegation that the rice was meant for Public Distribution System was false and without foundation; (6) The seizure was illegal and arbitrary; (7) The respondents made false allegations to justify the seizure.

Respondent's Arguments

Respondents argued that: (1) The seizure was effected on suspicion that the stock was pertaining to Public Distribution System but not raw rice as permitted to be transported; (2) Samples were sent for technical analysis to Assistant Manager (Technical), Office of District Manager, Andhra Pradesh State Civil Supplies Corporation Limited, Guntur; (3) The District Manager submitted analysis report dated November 16, 2012, confirming that the rice stock belongs to Grade-A variety; (4) Based on recommendations, the case was taken on file under Section 6-A of Essential Commodities Act, 1955; (5) Notice was issued under Section 6-B of Essential Commodities Act, 1955.

Court's Reasoning

The court's reasoning proceeded as follows: (1) From the panchanama, it was clear that the seizure was based on assumption regarding smell of rice and size of grain, suggesting it was meant for Public Distribution System rather than raw rice; (2) The panchanama itself acknowledged that the stock was being transported under valid Way Bill and the petitioner was a trader holding valid license; (3) The District Manager's report confirmed that the seized rice stock belongs to Grade-A variety and is NOT meant for Public Distribution System; (4) Given that the technical analysis contradicted the basis of seizure, there was no basis for the seizure at all; (5) Proceedings under Section 6-A of Essential Commodities Act, 1955 can only be initiated in event of violation of provisions of Control Orders; (6) Since the stock was seized on suspicion and found to be Grade-A rice not meant for Public Distribution System, there was no violation of any Control Order; (7) Therefore, there was no basis for initiating proceedings under Section 6-A; (8) The seizure was illegal and the proceedings were without foundation.

Statutory Interpretation Method:
Literal Interpretation - Court interpreted Section 6-A strictly to require actual violation of Control Orders, not mere suspicionPurposive Interpretation - Court considered the purpose of licensing regime to protect legitimate traders from arbitrary actionHarmonious Construction - Court read the licensing provisions together with seizure provisions to ensure consistency
Judicial Philosophy Indicators:
  • Emphasis on Natural Justice and Procedural Fairness - Court required concrete evidence before seizure
  • Protection of Legitimate Business Activity - Court protected licensed traders from arbitrary administrative action
  • Strict Adherence to Statutory Requirements - Court required actual violation, not suspicion, for Section 6-A proceedings
  • Reliance on Technical Evidence - Court gave weight to scientific analysis report over administrative assumptions
Order Nature:Substantive
Disposition Status:Disposed
Disposition Outcome:Allowed

Specific Directions

  1. 1.Seizure of lorry bearing No. AP09 V 6971 along with 170 quintals of raw rice stored in 340 bags weighing 50 kgs each is declared illegal
  2. 2.Direction to respondents to release the seized lorry and stock forthwith to the petitioners
  3. 3.Proceedings initiated against the petitioners under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 are hereby quashed
  4. 4.No order as to costs

Precedential Assessment

Persuasive (Other High Court)

While this is a High Court judgment and therefore binding within its jurisdiction, it provides persuasive authority for other High Courts on the principles that administrative seizure requires concrete evidence rather than suspicion, and that technical analysis contradicting the basis of seizure renders the seizure illegal. The judgment establishes important protections for licensed traders against arbitrary administrative action.

Tips for Legal Practice

1.Administrative authorities cannot seize goods based on mere suspicion or assumptions without concrete evidence of violation of statutory provisions
2.Technical analysis reports that contradict the basis of seizure are determinative and render the seizure illegal
3.Licensed traders have strong protection against arbitrary seizure when they possess valid licenses and proper documentation (Way Bills)
4.Proceedings under Section 6-A of Essential Commodities Act require actual violation of Control Orders, not suspicion of violation
5.Panchanama findings based on physical observations (smell, grain size) are insufficient to justify seizure when contradicted by scientific analysis

Legal Tags

Arbitrary seizure of goods by administrative authorities without evidenceEssential Commodities Act Section 6-A proceedings without violation of Control OrdersLicensed trader protection against unfounded suspicion and administrative actionPanchanama findings based on assumptions versus technical analysis evidenceWay Bill validity and authorization for transport of raw riceAndhra Pradesh Scheduled Commodities Dealers licensing regime enforcementNatural justice and procedural fairness in administrative seizureTechnical analysis report contradicting basis of administrative seizurePublic Distribution System rice identification and verification proceduresAdministrative law principles on burden of proof for seizure justification

Disclaimer: eCourtsIndia (ECI) is not a lawyer and this analysis is generated by ECI AI, it might make mistakes. This is not a legal advice. Please consult with a qualified legal professional for matters requiring legal expertise.

Order Issued After Hearing

Purpose:

First Hearing

Listed On:

3 Dec 2012

Order Text

THE HON'BLE SRI JUSTICE R.SUBHASH REDDY

WRIT PETITION No.36588 of 2012 ORDER:

This Writ Petition is filed seeking a mandamus declaring the action of the second respondent – Civil Supplies Deputy Tahsildar, Mangalagiri, Guntur District, in seizing lorry bearing No.AP09 V 6971 along with 170 quintals of raw rice (340 bags weighing 50 kgs each) on 05.11.2012 as illegal and arbitrary and to consequently, direct the respondents to release the same.

In the affidavit filed in support of the Writ Petition, it is stated that the first petitioner is a licence holder in food grains under the Andhra Pradesh Scheduled Commodities Dealers (Licensing, Storage and Regulation) Order, 2008 and he is running business in the name and style of M/s.Lakshmi Traders. It is further stated that the petitioner is doing business by purchasing paddy from the agriculturists, milling the same and selling the resultant rice as per the provisions of the Andhra Pradesh Rice Procurement (Levy) Order, 1984. It is also stated that when the first petitioner was transporting 170 quintals of raw rice in lorry bearing No.AP09 V 6971 vide Way Bill No.K6275367 on 05.11.2012, it was seized on suspicion that the said rice is meant for Public Distribution System.

It is the case of the petitioners that there is absolutely no basis for seizing the alleged stock. It is also the case of the petitioners that when the first petitioner is a trader holding valid licence and is transporting the said stock through vehicle bearing No.AP09 V 6971 covered by Way Bill bearing No.K6275367, the said stock was seized by making false allegations.

It is submitted by the learned counsel for the petitioners that allegation of the respondents that the stock seized is not a raw rice, is without any basis and seizure itself is illegal and arbitrary.

When the matter came up on 27.11.2012, it was adjourned to enable the learned Government Pleader to obtain instructions whether any further steps were taken to verify whether the seized rice is supplied under the Public Distribution System or not. When the matter is called today, based on the written instructions, dated 30.11.2012 obtained in E.C. Act Case No.529/2012-S7, it is submitted by the learned Assistant Government Pleader for Civil Supplies appearing for the respondents that seizure was effected on suspicion that the stock is pertaining to Public Distribution System but not raw rice, which was permitted to be transported as per the Way Bill. It is further submitted that immediately after seizure,

samples submitted were sent to the Assistant Manager (Technical), Office of the District Manager, Andhra Pradesh State Civil Supplies Corporation Limited, Guntur, requesting to analyse the said samples and to report, and the District Manager has submitted analysis report vide letter bearing No.3(5)/2012/Seized stocks, dated 16.11.2012 confirming that the rice stock belongs to Grade-A variety. It is also submitted that basing on the recommendations made by the second respondent, the case has been taken on file under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 and notice has also been issued under Section 6-B of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955.

From a perusal of the panchanama, it is clear that having regard to the smell of the rice and size of the grain, it was assumed that the said rice is meant for Public Distribution System but not raw rice as permitted. It is also clear from the panchanama that the allegation levelled against the petitioners is that the rice being transported is meant for Public Distribution System. In the panchanama itself, it is stated that the said stock being transported is under valid Way Bill and the petitioner is a trader holding valid licence. In view of the submission of the learned Assistant Government Pleader for Civil Supplies appearing for the respondents that the report was sent by

the District Manager, Andhra Pradesh State Civil Supplies Corporation Limited, Guntur, confirming that the seized rice stock belongs to Grade–A variety but it is not meant for Public Distribution System, it can be said that there is no basis for seizure at all. In the absence of any other allegation and in view of aforesaid report of the District Manager, there is no basis for initiating proceedings under Section

6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955. It is to be noted that proceedings under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 can be initiated only in the event of violation of any of the provisions of the Control Orders. In this case, when the stock was seized on suspicion and when it is found that the samples were of rice Grade-A variety and it is not meant for Public Distribution System, there is no basis for initiating proceedings under Section 6-A of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955.

For the aforesaid reasons, the Writ Petition is allowed declaring that seizure of lorry bearing No.AP09 V 6971 along with 170 quintals of raw rice stored in 340 bags weighing 50 kgs each is illegal. There shall be a direction to the respondents to release the seized lorry and stock forthwith to the petitioners. Further, proceedings initiated against the petitioners under Section 6-A of the

Essential Commodities Act, 1955 are hereby quashed. No order as to costs.

In view of disposal of the writ petition, WPMP.No.46450 of 2012 also stands disposed of.

R.SUBHASH REDDY, J

______________________

3 rd DECEMBER, 2012. Note: issue operative portion by 'wire' at party's costs.

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